PAVLIN knife handmade by master RUSLAN KNIVES, buy to order in Ukraine - VG10 laminate steel with 60 HRC damascus stainless steel covers

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS:

Name of the knife: PAVLIN knife, handmade by RUSLAN KNIVES, buy and order in Ukraine - VG10 laminate steel with 60 HRC damascus stainless steel lining
Knife type: Fixed blade
Brand:  RUSLAN KNIVES handmade knife worksho

Model:  PAVLIN knife, handmade by master RUSLAN KNIVES, buy and order in Ukraine - VG10 laminate steel with 60 HRC damascus stainless steel lining
Model number:  012
Country of birth:  Ukraine
Artisan:  Master RUSLAN KNIVES (Ruslan Osmak), Kyiv, Ukraine Studio  RUSLAN KNIVES handmade knife workshop
Best use:  Multi-purpose: hunting, fishing, tourism, household, cutting carcasses, slicing, etc.
Knife condition:  New
Price is with sheath.

A sharpened knife is not a cold weapon.

Our knives are very sharp, so be very careful when opening and handling them. We are not responsible for any injuries related to the use of our knives.
Our products are intended for legal use by responsible buyers only. We will not sell our products to anyone under the age of 18.

Availability changes regularly, after confirming your order we will notify you of availability or when the item is ready. The product may differ slightly from the one shown in the photo

VG-10  (short for V-Gold No. 10) is a high-carbon corrosion-resistant steel alloyed with cobalt and molybdenum. VG-10 is specially developed by  Takefu Special Steel Co., Ltd.  (Japan) needs of the knife industry and is one of the best knife steels. In terms of its composition, it occupies an intermediate position between  ATS-34 and ATS-55  (these grades of steel are considered the best knife steels).

The toughness of this steel is sufficient to maintain a cutting edge even when hardened to a hardness of 60-62 HRC, while the steel is not brittle. A distinctive feature of VG-10 is the use of cobalt in the alloy - this expensive and rare alloying additive makes the steel harder and more viscous.

Steel composition (without specifying technological impurities):

Carbon (C) - 0.95-1.05%.  Carbon is the most important element of steel, it increases its strength and gives the metal good hardness.

Chromium (Cr) - 14.50-15.50%.  Chrome, a grayish-white hard shiny metal. Chromium affects the ability of steel to be hardened, gives the alloy anti-corrosion properties and increases its wear resistance. It is contained in stainless steel of any brand.

Molybdenum (Mo) – 0.90–1.20%.  Molybdenum, a silver-white metal, is used to make special and high-speed steels. Molybdenum is a refractory element, it prevents brittleness and fragility of the blade, giving it the necessary rigidity, making it quite resistant to high temperatures.

Vanadium (V) - 0.10-0.30%.  Vanadium, a grayish-white shiny metal with great hardness. It is used during the production of special grades of steel, in particular tool steel. It is responsible for elasticity and strengthens the properties of chromium, gives the metal inertness to aggressive chemical environments.

Cobalt (Co) - 1.30-1.50%.  Cobalt is a silver-white, slightly yellowish metal with a pink or bluish tint. Increases heat resistance, improves mechanical properties. Machining tools are made from alloys using cobalt: drills, cutters, etc.

Glass textolite G-10 

Glass textolite G-10 is a material whose main components are fiberglass and epoxy resins. The process of producing the material is to soak fiberglass in resins, after which the impregnated fiberglass is subjected to compression.

Glass textolite G-10   is a material whose main components are fiberglass and epoxy resins. The process of producing the material is to soak fiberglass in resins, after which the impregnated fiberglass is subjected to compression. The result is a material that performs well when working in adverse conditions.

G10 is a strong and shock-resistant material, perfectly tolerates moisture, and is well suited for painting (including layer-by-layer painting). This glass-textolite looks very similar to micarta, but it is characterized by increased resistance to fire and higher strength. Spyderco and Benchmade,  as well as the legendary knife master  Bob Terzuola, use G10 as a material for tool handles  .

In the production of handles and covers for knives from this fiberglass, the finished handle or cover is sandblasted. The resin under the blows of fast-flying gerbils compacts, exposing the fiber structure, as a result of which the handle becomes textured, rough to the touch, which allows you to improve control over the tool in the hand. After sandblasting, fiberglass tarnishes and is impregnated with oil so that it regains its bright color.

The manifestation of the texture of the material on the handle promotes better contact between the handle and the cook's palm, which allows you to confidently hold the knife in your hand, even if it is wet.

Different  layered plastics are produced under trade marks,  among which there are such well-known materials as  Holz  or  Wood Grain.  The main components of these composite plastics are wood, which is the base, and phenolic resin, which impregnates the wood. There is an analogue of layered plastics on the domestic market, called  "delta wood".

For production, natural wood is thoroughly dried, after which the voids are filled with a polymer that can harden quickly. Thus, wood is transformed into plastic that does not deform, is strong enough, does not interact with water and is aesthetically attractive.

It is interesting that for the production of layered plastic, you can take wood of any kind, regardless of the strength characteristics. This differs from   Pakka wood,  which is also a wood-based composite, but only valuable wood species are used in its manufacture.

A material with better characteristics than wood and simple plastic. Not subject to corrosion, not reacting with aggressive chemicals and not absorbing odors, it is both durable and cheap. The only serious drawback of such material is weight. Layered plastic weighs one and a half times more than ordinary wood, which served as its basis.

Due to their properties, layered plastics have gained great popularity in the knife industry. These materials make strong, inexpensive and safe knife handles.

English oak

Many plants commonly referred to as "oaks" are not  Quercus species  , such as African oak, Australian oak, bull oak, Jerusalem oak, poison oak, river oak, silky oak, brown oak, Tasmanian oak, and tulip oak.

oak, (genus Quercus), a genus of about 450 species of decorative and woody trees and shrubs of the beech family (Fagaceae), widespread in the northern temperate zone and at high altitudes in the tropics. Acorns serve as fodder for small game, are used for fattening pigs and poultry; acorns of some species can be made into flour for human consumption. Lumber from red and white oak is used in construction, flooring, furniture, carpentry, cooperage, manufacture of sleepers, structural beams, mine fasteners.

Physical description

northern red oak

black oak

Quercus species  are characterized by alternate, simple, deciduous or  evergreen  leaves with lobed, toothed or entire margins. Male flowers are contained in yellow racemes that appear with or after the leaves. Female flowers are found on the same  tree  , singly or in two- or multi-flowered spikelets; each flower has a pod of overlapping scales that enlarges to hold  the fruit  or  acorn , which matures in one to two seasons. White oaks have smooth leaves without bristles on the tips, sometimes with glandular margins. Their acorns ripen in one season, have sweet-tasting seeds, and germinate within days of falling. Red and black oaks have bristly leaves, hairy acorns, and bitter fruits that ripen at the end of the second  growing season  .

Oak trees can be easily  propagated  from acorns and grow well in moderately moist rich soil or dry sandy soil. Many grow again from stump sprouts. They are hardy and long-lived, but not shade-tolerant and can be damaged by leaf-gnawing organisms or oak wilt fungus.

Main types and uses

The taxonomy of  the genus  Quercus is confusing due to the large number of natural hybrids  .  Oaks can be divided into three groups, sometimes considered subgenera: white oaks  (  Leucobalanus  ), red  and black oaks  (  Erythrobalanus  ), and ( Cyclobalanus  ).

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cork

In  North America,  several oaks have ornamental landscape value, including the common oak  (  Q. palustris  ) and the northern  red oak  (  Q. rubra  ). White oak  (  Q. alba  ) and common oak  (  Q. macrocarpa  ) form picturesque oak groves in the midwestern  United States  . Many oaks originating from the Mediterranean have economic value: the galls formed on the branches of the Aleppo oak (  Q.  infectoria  ) are the source of Aleppo  tannin  , which is used in the production of ink; marketable  cork  is obtained from   the bark of cork oak  (  Q. suber ), and the tannin-  rich   kermes oak (  Q. coccifera  ) hosts the kermes insect  , which was once harvested for the dye contained in its body fluids.

 Two East  Asian oaks are also of economic importance: the Mongolian oak (  Q. mongolica  ) provides useful wood, and the Chinese cork oak (  Q.  variabilis  ) is a source of black dye and is also a popular ornamental plant. Other  cultivated  ornamental plants are Armenian or Pontic oak (  Q.  pontica  ), chestnut oak (Q.   castaneaefolia  )  ,  golden oak (  Q. alnifolia  ), holm oak, orpad oak, oak (  Q.  ilex  ), Italian oak (Q.  frainetto  )  , Lebanese oak (  Q.  libani  ), Macedonian oak (   Q.  trojana ) ,  and   Portuguese oak (  Q. lusitanica  ). Popular Asian ornamental plants include blue Japanese oak (Q.  glauca  )  , daime oak (Q.   dentata  )  , evergreen  Japanese   oak (  Q. acuta  ), and pinna oak (  Q. acutissima  ). The English oak  (  Q. robur  ), a tree native to Eurasia and North Africa, is cultivated in other regions of the world as an ornamental.

From "woodlands blogs"

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In early October, BBC4 aired a 90-minute documentary showing all aspects of the life of an ancient English oak throughout the year. The  Oak: Nature's Best Survivor  focuses on a single tree in  Witham Woods  , near Oxford, a site purchased by the University of Oxford in 1942 for forestry research. The film, presented by zoologist, entomologist and TV presenter  George McGavin  , begins with a high-tech assessment of the condition of the tree. By firing laser pulses, foresters create a three-dimensional virtual image of the oak so they can track its size and shape over a 12-month period.

At the beginning of late August, it is 19 meters high and 30 meters wide, and contains about 700,000 leaves. Its roots extend 30 meters from the trunk, and a digital scan in mid-January showed that it weighs almost 10 tons.

As the days grow shorter and temperatures drop, the nearly 400-year-old oak is forced to undergo what McGavin calls "  a colossal reallocation of its resources  "—the first of four seasonal transformations it needs to survive. "  Under the influence of hormonal signals, trees begin to break down pigments and nutrients in the leaves to store them for the winter  ," he says, creating  spectacular autumn colors  .

After extracting nutrients, the leaves drop. But leaf fall is not caused by cold weather. In fact, the oak can perceive red light in the spectrum with the help of a chemical pigment (  phytochrome system  ) in the cells of the leaves, which allows it to measure the hours of daylight. In October, when the oak is releasing its acorns, there are six hours less sunlight each day than at the height of summer.

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In winter - the "most dangerous time of the year" for an oak tree - a bare tree has to stay alive in the extreme cold, spending almost no energy. The bark acts as a blanket, but if the liquid inside the oak freezes, the tree will suffer catastrophic damage. Thus, he removes fluid from the cells, dehydrating himself. The liquid that remains has a high concentration of sugar -- "  a kind of antifreeze  ," according to McGavin.

The most nutrients are stored in the roots of the oak during the winter months. But the root system alone is not enough to extract vital minerals from the soil. The oak also needs a "vast army of microscopic filaments" to survive, including mycorrhizal fungi to extract phosphate from the surrounding soil.

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Spring brings an "epic growth spurt," and by the end of April, earrings - male flowers - appear. Filled with pollen grains, they are dispersed by the wind to fertilize the female flowers and create acorns that will continue the oak tree's life cycle. A month later, the oak has completely blossomed and is inhabited by insects. Among them is  the larva of the winter sawfly  , which eats 27,000 times its weight in a young oak leaf. Oak can recognize chemicals in the creature's saliva and defends itself by producing phenolics and tannins to inhibit the larva's growth. Meanwhile,  gall wasps lay their eggs in the female flowers, prompting galls to grow in place of the acorns. This is where the wasp larva develops. There are hundreds of species of these wasps, each of which has its own unique gall structure. One of these galls – a sphere made by the wasp  Andricus collari   – forms an indelible ink when ground up and mixed with water, sulphate of iron and gum arabic. Gall ink was used in historical documents for 1400 years until the 19th century.

Oak was also an important building material in the past. 13th-century masons used 2,641 tons of oak to build Salisbury Cathedral, which was felled in the spring of 1222. 

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The wood came from Ireland as well as England, although English oak with its wide bands of early wood was preferred over Irish wood with denser rings. its lightness and strength. And in the 18th and 19th centuries in Britain, oaks began to be planted frantically to supply wood for warships.  It took 6,000 oaks to make HMS Victory - "a product of medieval acorns scattered all over Britain  ". Curved oak branches were especially useful for creating shaped bodies.

By August of the second year, the 3-D image shows that the oak has produced  230 kg of new wood  in 12 months, produced from the carbon dioxide (and water) absorbed during photosynthesis. It also released  234,000 liters of oxygen  into the atmosphere from leaf stomata.

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Other results of the documentary:

• how oak trees react to gale force winds. At a Forestry Commission research site outside Edinburgh, scientists fit an oak with sensors and then turn it over until it is uprooted. Their instruments show that it begins to fall when it is only six degrees from vertical, but it would take a force 10 storm to have the same effect.

• how much water an oak tree pumps out of the ground in the spring. Probes attached to a sap flow monitor measure this at 70 kg per hour at peak, passing to the leaves through the xylem vessels. The cambium produces new cells that differentiate to form xylem and phloem tissue.

• When oaks took root in Britain after the Ice Age. Four-metre peat cores taken from Wytham Fen show oak pollen preserved in the soil, first appearing 9,000 years ago.